The aim of this investigation Essay Example for Free

The aim of this investigation EssayI am given an investigation which I have to plan myself it is about an abstruse organic compound that is every an alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester or phenol. I have to suggest a series of simple chemical ladders, which could be done in mental test tubes, to distinguish the functional group of this organic compound. I am personnel casualty to be observing any change of colour, formation of precipitate or the evolution of gas when adding definite chemicals to this compound. The aim of this investigation is to find the functional group by carrying out simple chemical tests and, later, tell the organic compound by using the spectra.Chemicals and Apparatus 10 test tubes measurement cylinder (5 cm3) pipet Bunsen burner Splint Gas syringe Unknown organic compound Bradys reagent Bromine water atomic number 11 metal Tollens reagent Calcium Carbonate Limewater Safety Plan Read the method carefully and understand it in front atte mpting on carrying out any experiment. Have some knowledge of the chemicals to be used to minimise hazards in the procedure. Wear gloves, goggles and a lab coat at all times during the experiment to preclude accidents to one and to fellow pupils.Method examine 1. A Set up the apparatus carefully. Measure 3 cm3 of the mysterious compound into a small measuring cylinder. move this into a test tube. Add 3-6 drops of Bradys reagent (a answer of 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in dilute acid) to the test tube. If yellow/ orange crystals start to appear, because the test has shown a plus result and.. The unknown is turn up to be either an aldehyde or a ketone. Move on to foot race 1. B If no reaction happened, then the test has shown a negative result. So skip to Test 2. A. Test 1. B.To distinguish the carbonyl compound, measure 3 cm3 of the carbonyl compound in a measuring cylinder. Pour this into a new test tube Add 3-6 drops of Tollens reagent (a solution of silver nitrate in aque ous ammonia) to the test tube. If a silver mirror forms around the inside of the test tube, the compound is proved to be an aldehyde. However if no reaction occurs, it is a ketone. Test 2. A Measure 3 cm3 of the unknown into a measuring cylinder. Pour this into new a test tube. Throw a pinch of sodium metal to the unknown. If gas is liberated, quickly light a splint and place it over the test tube.If you acquire a popping sound, this confirms that the gas is in fact Hydrogen and the unknown compound is either a phenol, alcohol or a carboxylic acid. Move on to Test 2. B. If no reaction occurs then the unknown is an ester which should also give a sweet smell. Test 2. B Measure 3 cm3 of the unknown into a measuring cylinder. Pour this into new a test tube. Add 6-10 drops of Bromine water to the test tube. * If Bromine is decolourised (from orange to clear) and a white precipitate forms then this confirms that the unknown is actually a phenol.If no precipitate forms then the unknown is either an alcohol or a carboxylic acid. So work on to Test 2. C. Test 2. C Measure 3 cm3 of the unknown into a measuring cylinder. Pour this into new a test tube. Throw a pinch of Calcium Carbonate to the unknown If a gas is liberated, shut the tube with a cork that has a hole in it and is connected to a tube and a gas syringe. The gas should collect in the gas syringe. When gas stops evolving, blab out the gas into 5 cm3 of limewater. If the limewater goes milky in colour, this proves that the gas is Carbon Dioxide and that the unknown is a carboxylic acid.If no reaction occurs, then the unknown is confirmed to be an alcohol. Fair test Doing a fair test is completely essential for achieving accurate and reliable results which would take a large part in the inference at the end, and also for avoiding errors and anomalous results. I will make sure that this happens by many ways, by choosing 1. Relevant and accurate equipment with very small percentage errors. 2. Washing and dryin g up the equipment thoroughly after all(prenominal) experiment ensuring that they are contamination-free. 3.Taking measurements carefully as specified by the method. 4. keeping a successive line of sight when reading measurements of solution in the measuring cylinder 5. Always read the arse of the meniscus of any solution when taking measurements. Bibliography For this investigation, I mainly used the yahoo search engine from the internet as my primary source of information e. g. Bradys reagent with addition to a variety of books, where I looked up various reactions of compounds. The rest of this investigation is done using my knowledge and understanding of this subject.