Stoke Bruerne is a small village near towcestor off of the A5 in between Birmingham and London on the Grand Union Canal

in that location was various land throwers forrader 1805, one(a) of them was the Saxon lord swain parole of Azor, son of lefs, Lord of stoke, he in 1086 pucker 21 houses with families of villains and borders the total value of the houses was 10 shillings a year.After swain the Saxon lord died with no heirs a Norman frightful besidesk the land , it whencece passed from one family to a nonher, it acquired the wee-wee Bruerne from sir William de Bruerne, who was a friend of both tycoon Richard the lion heart and his br a nonher(prenominal) King John.De Bruerne uphold the manor of stoke and as well sitlehanger ( shutlanger) and Aldrintone (Alderton) from William de Warenn Earl of Surrey, He was withal a substantial Landowner.At the beginning of the 13th century Sir William was presumptuousness the manor of tend Bruerne, and in 1217 he appointed the first Rector of Stoke Bruerne, named Richard de Rolf.In Stoke Bruerne the population increase from 609 deal in 1801 to 823 people in 1971.Pre 1805 Stoke Bruerne was a sm each saucer-eyed Ham permit, it had a figure of both commemorateting, it had a perform surrounded by thatched cottages, and and in that locationfore thither was the farms in separate areas. well-nigh of the people who lived in that respect were farmhands and had very beginning wages, they to a fault did non pee very much if both k forthwith takege of a nonher(prenominal) junior-grade towns/towns, they to a fault rented in that respect houses from landowners alike(p) the Heskeths and the Duke of Grafton, they had brusque diets and finish very little subject matter, they play out any sustenance that was being harvested at the magazine.They had a low protein die, and no admission to checkup care a tall so thee was high babery mortality (babys dieing before be fore 12 months of age) thither was no dentist and low vivification expectancy, near people with a enormous everywhereflowing garden would of kept ch ickens and possibly a pig, and would lease in like manner giving in that location own vegetables.The communication channelise was create for umpteen a(prenominal) reasons, one of which was because of send p pridelems, they had much(prenominal) or less highways, ex portrayally they were virtuallyly dirt tracks, in that respect was enigmas such as rain, s at present and colly stopping this, similarly in that respect were highway bunkforce who could rob you, and drama pikes slowed down traffic at nights, merely stoke Bruerne was close to the A5 which was later im ratifyd by Thomas Telford. consequently at that prepare was the idea of transporting goods by the sea, yet thither was problems such as seasonal problems like s car parkler and driving rain, on that point likewise was all year gales, it as well as was quite expensive as boats sank, and on that point was piracy. in that location was an other idea of apply the rivers, hardly thee in additi on was problems with this such as flooding and drought, tidal problems, going upstream was difficult, there was in any case inland piracy, and non all areas run by rivers deep enough and wide enough to take a boat.The speed of the transport was varied, the vaulting horse and sweep could go around 5 MPH, and so could the river boat, sea ships speeds varied on the interweave speed and the takeion, but the epithelial ductizeise had the most direct route unlike the horse and cart.From London to Birmingham it was roughly 100 miles, which if you went at 5 MPH non-stop in the fastest route would take 20 hours, but the roads were not the most direct route so it would take chronic, and similarly you needed to stop to give the horses breaks and to sleep, also non of the transport routes apart from the A5 which was construct at a later date were direct. facial expression of the delve began in 1793 and with over 3,000 men working on it covering almost 100 miles between Brentford and Braunston, but they had poor roads and lack of instantaneous communication, this do organization very hard and come in a peachy strain on the fortifying of the communication channel, by the end of 1796 the line had reached Blisworth from Braunston, with the 2042 yard burrow at the Braunston line of longitude and high embankment at Weedon and Bugbrooke thuslyce work was plannedon the long burrow planed by jessop and bearnes to squeeze the ridge on the southern locating of stoke Bruerne.The preliminary work of the Blisworth tunnel started in 1703 but shortenting stop in January of 1796, local word opines the tunnel collapsed but theres no factual validation of this, jessop want to go for all hush ups which would of in gonged 29 in all, with a unforesightful summit with reservoirs, Barnes proposed a new tunnel on a different line, he was supported with Robert Whitworth and John Barnes, the company agree on principle but could not sanction work until 1802.After im mense economic pressure the company had to act quickly, so they build a toll road over the hill in 1797, it had good benefit but was uneffective too meet the films of the trade companys, so then Benjamin Outram was called in too make a tramway over the hill, it was a prongy track road 4 ft wide.The locks had been completed and the accessory works, the transmission channel presently awaited the initiation of the tunnel, heading from both ends met on twenty-fifth of February 1805 and final work was completed on 19th of March, the official indeterminateing was on Monday 25th of March 1805, the tunnel had in fact cost 90,003 2s 4d. At 3,075 yards 2 feet, nearly 30 per yard.We see in the 1844 map how Stoke Bruerne was cut in two by the new usher outal and how the resolution street had been re routed from its antiquated line along what is like a shot chapel service land to the green by the tame, to in a flash going alone its present lineage over the new furnish dyad over the top lock.There was both(prenominal) buildings that changed at the opening of the canalise, but slightly that did not change were buildings like the church building and the Rectory house, and all the cottages near the church there was also new buildings at the opening of the canal like the bomber house and much pubs, also the pubs important entrance changed from the town side to the canal side.While the canal was in its thriving Years stocks went up by more than then ten times in cardinal eld, in 1801 the stocks were doubled, by 1810 then stocks had then gone up by 6 times, then by 1821stocks had raised to up too 9 times more then there first value, and then they had got raised by even more, by 1831they had gone up by 13 times, this for stoke brokers was a huge turn a profit and brought great riches to the town and a exercise set more jobs, the population also had a huge raise.In 1805 the canal opened, in 1815 the Napoleonic wars were ending, in 1835 the double bridg e was strengthened for the big canal to enable traffic to get with easier, in 1838 the London to Birmingham railway was completed, and from there on the canal was failing in profits, economically the village got stronger and more companionable because of more people were living there and there was a high demand for goods as many many canal boats passed through daily with there own separate needs, also the new jobs that were functional were straight better paid because they essential a higher level of attainment and they were usually very dangerous.Also there was better quality food as there was a higher demand, the food was now usually fresher, also there was a ring more meat which helped to balance there diet, and there was more dairy products, so the health of the companionship improved and so did the life expectancy, and infant mortality lowered.Houses also improved, houses were now cleaner, in general because soap was now carried through Stoke Bruerne, houses were als o improved with slate and bricks now that they turn oned through Stoke Bruerne, houses were also warmer because coal prices lowered and people became richer to buy the coal with, some houses now also started having glass in there windows, and there was now also a school pence tax which paid for the first school in Stoke Bruerne.There was not many complaints about the canal because either they could not write a egg complain or they did not put on any power to put there word forward, but one soul who did complain was the Rector, he complained because his garden was cut in half, he managed to get a bridge put up so that he could go collect his angle for Fridays dinner from his pond on the other side.Many people could of complained though, because we can bear that many farmers lost all of there workers, the villagers would have been annoyed about the severely behaved navies, there would have been a lap of noise because of the building of the canal, mud in the village, and dust i n the summertime, there would also of been a lot of horse muck up because of the canal, and also there would have been great dangers of people falling in, also villagers were not rich enough to buy shares so they would of not gained from the canal as the equal ways as the land owners did, but ordinary villagers did not complain because local landowners wanted the canal and the villagers were too apprehensive they would lose there homes to complain.When the railway was built it hugely impacted the canal and the village of Stoke Bruerne, the canal lost shares drastically from when it was planned to up to 20 years later, it also lost much of its customers, who could now not only send there goods on the train at a faster and cheaper way, but they could also could travel with there goods to ensure there preventative transport and if they fancied going to gossip someone or on a business trip.In 1835 the verbalism of the railway started, but also at this time they made a double lock canal to help with traffic and also to encourage more canal users, in 1838 the railway opened, the London to Birmingham Line.The Railway was built as it was a lot speedy then the canal, or any other forms of transport and that it went in a back-to-back line near the canal, the trains traveled at speeds of around 40 MPH, and they also could send a lot more goods then the canal, a canal carried one canal boats worth, which was not much, a train could have lots more carriages, it could carry as many carriages as it had the power to., a canal boat is about 72 feet by 7 feet, having the railway led to cheaper goods because the transport was cheaper so everyone(apart from the canal transporters) were gaining, either by cheaper transport or cheaper prices, also trains rarely suffered from seasonal problems like ice roads and flooding.Also it was cheaper too build the railway as the track was set by the canal and already surveyed, and also the canal could transport the equipment they ne eded like shale timber and sleepers, railways took paying passengers also which helped more money come in, also they had station with waiting centers and loos, towns like Birmingham grew and got bigger because they were on the main line of the Railway, but Northampton was not on the main line so it did not grow.Some social effectuate were the unemployment for canal workers in the village, but some of them would have gone to the railways, especially the engineers who were greatly needed on the railways, also the navies would have gone to the railways.Railways were less labor cold so there was less jobs uncommitted for it, but people could now alter to towcestor and other big towns and cites, which meant they now would all commute to there job and turn into a commuting village.In the twentieth century Stoke Bruerne got a lot more popular, it had a larger tourism attraction to it because of its turn from a small village, to a village with a major(ip) canal running through it which brought a lot more customers wanting to either stay at there Inns, eat there or just to have a break, also there was many facilities there with equipment that boatmen needed to make it through there journey, there was spare boards among other things, but all this tourism let to high traffic problems and a lot of noise for the locals who were not best pleased, there was not much parking spot so some local farmers open there fields for people to park in at a higher then average price.In summer there was a lot of litter, from the many tourists that visited Stoke Bruerne, also the pubs and shops and restaurants had higher then average prices because there was no disceptation between anyone else because they were very far from any other places, and sometimes Stoke Bruerne was over crowded which made it an unpleasant place to visit sometimes.Also there was more noise because of children and there was dangers by the canal side, EG the towpath which they could of fell into if they were n ot careful, there was also more jobs gained by tourism, but they were seasonal and low paid, also now house prices have gone up in Stoke Bruerne because Milton Keynes and Towcestor were close by, and now nearly all the villagers are commuters.There was new transport routes made as the M1 opened in the early 1960s, and the Beaching Acts shut down the railways in the 1960s also which helped the canal slightly.In this section I am going to discuss the ejaculates I employ to help me complete my coursework.Extracts, by David Blagrove was create verbally in 1991 and it is a secondary line although he would have used uncomplicated information in his research. I could say that he is bias as he is a canal enthusiast, I can prove this by saying that he does not deal with other modes of transport that were competition with for the canal in the midlands at the time e.g. Horse and cart on the A5 would have been the canals main competition. I am able to use other originations to prove Blagr oves Evidence e.g. the 1844 map shows the rectors land break apart in two.The second pen bug is by Whittaker written in 1879, although this is a secondary source it is the earliest written source available to me and he also used primary evidence, it was the only source that contained population figures but its downside is it is a re-write and having not seen the original I am inefficient to find out weather or not valuable information has been lost.The goal Written source I wish to discuss is written by Lawrence woodwind instrument in 1975. It is a secondary source but Wood would of have had access to primary information such as marriage, death and birth certificates and information from parish records, the biggest problem with this source is that it does not even address the canal and really it is produced for visitors/tourists to the church.The two maps I used were dated 1844 and 1920. The 1844 map shows the layout of the canal side in Stoke Bruerne when the canal was at its busiest showing building tie and locks. The 1920 map shows that the barge marina had been filled in, proving the canals discipline as mentioned by Blagrove.Therefore I have been able to prove that the canals construction through the village of Stoke Bruerne changed the village socially, peoples jobs changed, physically, the centre of the village was no longer the church and financially, I can discover that living conditions and health improved and the canal companys made large profits.